PIVE theory in road Explain

According to PIEV theory the total reaction time of the driver is split into 4 parts namely time taken by the driver for (i) Perception (ii) Intellection (iii) Emotion (iv) Volition.

Perception Time is the required for the sensations received by the eyes or ears of the driver to be transmitted to the brain through the nervous system and spinal cord.

Intellection time is the time required for the driver to understand the situation.

Emotion time is the time elapsed during emotional sensation and other mental disturbance such as fear, anger or any other emotional feelings like superstition etc., regarding the situation.

Volition time is the time is taken by the driver for the final action such as brake application.